November 5, 1774, at Fort Gower on the Ohio River, Virginia militiamen vowed that their" Love of Liberty, and Attachment to the real Interests and just Rights of America outweigh every other Consideration," and resolved to use "every Power within us for the Defence of American Liberty, and for the Support of her just Rights and Privileges; not in any precipitate, riotous, or tumultous Manner, but when regularly called forth by the unanimous Voice of our Countrymen." We talk with Chris Matheny, Historic Site Manager at Ohio's Statehouse, about this important event and its impact on the future of Ohio and of the American people.
November 5, 1774, at Fort Gower on the Ohio River, Virginia militiamen vowed that their" Love of Liberty, and Attachment to the real Interests and just Rights of America outweigh every other Consideration," and resolved to use "every Power within us for the Defence of American Liberty, and for the Support of her just Rights and Privileges; not in any precipitate, riotous, or tumultous Manner, but when regularly called forth by the unanimous Voice of our Countrymen." We talk with Chris Matheny, Historic Site Manager at Ohio's Statehouse, about this important event and its impact on the future of Ohio and of the American people.
WEBVTT
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for Robert Griffin and John Buck.
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We're on the air, Chris,
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so we'll hold that thought.
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welcome everyone to the
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revolution 250 podcast I am
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bob allison I chair the rev
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250 advisory group we are a
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consortium of oh 75 or so
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organizations in
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massachusetts planning ways
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to commemorate the
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beginnings of american
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independence and our guest
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today is chris met matheny
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chris matheny is the
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historic site manager at
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the ohio state house long
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time historical re-enactor
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in ohio student of ohio
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history chris thank you so
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much for joining us
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Thank you.
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What an honor and a pleasure
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to be here to talk about.
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And you told us you're a
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loyal listener from Lancaster, Ohio.
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So thanks for now for finally coming on.
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I can't wait to hear and
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watch my own presentation.
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And we're going to talk
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about an episode that is very important,
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but very little known,
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the Fort Gower Resolves of
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November of 1774.
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So you're the expert.
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So let's talk a little bit
00:01:09.825 --> 00:01:11.144
about Fort Gower.
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Why is it important?
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Well, and I'll tell you, if we don't say,
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the particular date is so important.
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And if we don't say any,
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by the end of this podcast,
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it will be crystal clear, I think.
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Sure.
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The Fort Gower Resolves were
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signed on November 5th, 1774,
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which of course this year
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will be coming up on the
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250th anniversary of that.
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That's one of the things
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here in Ohio we wanted to
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make sure that folks knew about.
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1774 is, as you know, Professor, I'm sure,
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just full of resolves from
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the different cultures.
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But when you think of Ohio,
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the listeners might say, what?
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You know,
00:01:55.623 --> 00:01:58.105
more of the Ohio country is what
00:01:58.204 --> 00:02:00.286
we were at that particular time.
00:02:00.605 --> 00:02:02.246
The Fort Gower resolves came
00:02:03.106 --> 00:02:04.046
at the end of what they
00:02:04.066 --> 00:02:05.507
call Lord Dunmore's War.
00:02:06.625 --> 00:02:08.286
And your listeners,
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I'm sure many of them will
00:02:09.407 --> 00:02:10.949
know about Lord Dunmer's War.
00:02:10.989 --> 00:02:17.173
It was a series of attacks, retaliation,
00:02:17.193 --> 00:02:18.854
a back and forth between
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the Native Americans living
00:02:20.556 --> 00:02:23.657
in the Ohio country and, you know,
00:02:23.699 --> 00:02:25.560
the colonists essentially
00:02:25.620 --> 00:02:26.961
that are in Pennsylvania, you know,
00:02:27.001 --> 00:02:28.741
western Pennsylvania or
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northwestern Virginia in that area.
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a lot of back and forth.
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What got things going, of course,
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you had the Royal
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Proclamation of 1763 that
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basically George III had
00:02:42.830 --> 00:02:43.790
drawn a line across the
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Appalachian Mountains and
00:02:45.711 --> 00:02:46.912
said anything west of here
00:02:47.072 --> 00:02:49.413
is essentially an Indian reserve.
00:02:51.213 --> 00:02:52.614
That solved some problems,
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but it didn't solve all.
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Of course, hunters, settlers, you name it,
00:02:58.597 --> 00:02:59.697
folks were crossing that
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line continually.
00:03:01.824 --> 00:03:04.667
And it's a lot of back and forth.
00:03:04.766 --> 00:03:07.870
And it ultimately culminated
00:03:08.110 --> 00:03:09.211
in what became what has
00:03:09.311 --> 00:03:10.572
really done most of the work.
00:03:10.951 --> 00:03:11.312
Right.
00:03:12.013 --> 00:03:13.313
And now behind you,
00:03:13.354 --> 00:03:15.455
there's a portrait of Logan,
00:03:15.536 --> 00:03:16.736
who is one of the important
00:03:16.856 --> 00:03:17.798
figures in this.
00:03:18.078 --> 00:03:19.038
And Jefferson said he was
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the most eloquent speaker
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he'd ever heard of.
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And can you talk a little
00:03:23.763 --> 00:03:25.664
bit about Logan and what's
00:03:25.965 --> 00:03:26.566
his role in this?
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And you have to look very hard.
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I don't think I've ever come
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across anything negative
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written about Logan,
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and especially prior to.
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Logan had long been known as
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a friend to the settlers.
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It was really strange in
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April of 1774 that his
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family was essentially
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massacred at Yellow Creek.
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by a Virginia hunting club.
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This is under Daniel Greathouse.
00:04:00.074 --> 00:04:02.437
And if you read about that,
00:04:02.457 --> 00:04:07.962
it was certainly a story.
00:04:08.043 --> 00:04:10.325
Nobody deserved to have this
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happen to their family.
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But first of all, Logan.
00:04:14.192 --> 00:04:16.173
who had long been one of
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those greats in the Ohio
00:04:18.235 --> 00:04:21.057
country that was frankly welcome.
00:04:21.499 --> 00:04:22.240
In fact,
00:04:22.279 --> 00:04:23.920
that speech that you're referring
00:04:23.961 --> 00:04:25.802
to that Thomas Jefferson
00:04:25.843 --> 00:04:26.824
said was so elegant.
00:04:26.843 --> 00:04:28.324
He says in there that he had
00:04:28.425 --> 00:04:30.146
long thought about coming
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to live among the whites.
00:04:32.949 --> 00:04:34.951
except for the actions.
00:04:35.512 --> 00:04:36.112
Now,
00:04:36.333 --> 00:04:40.177
Logan sort of gets confused a little
00:04:40.216 --> 00:04:41.418
bit when he gave the speech
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because he was still
00:04:42.199 --> 00:04:43.720
blaming a man by the name
00:04:43.740 --> 00:04:45.281
of Michael Crescent for the
00:04:45.341 --> 00:04:46.163
attack on his home.
00:04:47.074 --> 00:04:49.516
And Crescent had been in a
00:04:49.576 --> 00:04:51.357
number of skirmishes on the frontier,
00:04:51.416 --> 00:04:52.598
so it wasn't crazy for
00:04:52.637 --> 00:04:53.538
Logan to think of that.
00:04:54.038 --> 00:04:54.560
But in the end,
00:04:54.620 --> 00:04:55.180
it turns out it was a
00:04:55.220 --> 00:04:55.980
fellow named Daniel
00:04:56.021 --> 00:04:57.401
Grayhouse in this hunting party,
00:04:57.422 --> 00:04:59.382
and he basically set up Logan,
00:05:00.043 --> 00:05:00.845
Logan's family.
00:05:02.365 --> 00:05:04.187
And as you might imagine,
00:05:04.547 --> 00:05:08.009
Logan swore revenge for the
00:05:08.050 --> 00:05:08.730
deaths of his family.
00:05:08.810 --> 00:05:10.812
It just became open warfare
00:05:11.291 --> 00:05:11.952
in the Ohio Bay.
00:05:12.690 --> 00:05:13.550
Pennsylvania,
00:05:14.050 --> 00:05:20.192
and again in parts of Virginia.
00:05:20.653 --> 00:05:22.454
Which, Lord Dunmore,
00:05:22.473 --> 00:05:24.334
the last royal governor of Virginia,
00:05:24.733 --> 00:05:28.254
who also had designs on the
00:05:28.355 --> 00:05:29.735
Ohio country itself,
00:05:30.598 --> 00:05:32.639
He saw the people he represented.
00:05:33.180 --> 00:05:34.882
He raised force.
00:05:35.242 --> 00:05:36.805
He marched into the Ohio
00:05:36.865 --> 00:05:38.447
country to settle this.
00:05:39.187 --> 00:05:41.350
What's interesting is Morgan,
00:05:41.550 --> 00:05:43.512
he knew that.
00:05:43.572 --> 00:05:45.353
More about holding the Sony.
00:05:45.394 --> 00:05:46.656
We know him as the Eric Boyd,
00:05:46.935 --> 00:05:47.997
living in the Ohio community.
00:05:48.749 --> 00:05:50.230
But when we think of Lord
00:05:50.290 --> 00:05:51.790
Dunmore's war and certainly
00:05:51.831 --> 00:05:54.394
from Dunmore's perspective
00:05:55.153 --> 00:05:55.995
and from a lot of the
00:05:56.074 --> 00:05:57.235
opinions of Pennsylvania,
00:05:57.315 --> 00:05:58.916
it's really the Shawnee
00:05:59.637 --> 00:06:01.259
that they ended up fighting.
00:06:03.120 --> 00:06:05.442
But these forces were raised.
00:06:05.723 --> 00:06:06.963
Lord Dunmore led one that
00:06:07.004 --> 00:06:10.206
kind of left Fort Pitt,
00:06:10.666 --> 00:06:12.749
although for a time Dunmore
00:06:12.809 --> 00:06:14.569
renamed it Fort Dunmore.
00:06:16.656 --> 00:06:18.257
Even the locals, you know,
00:06:18.278 --> 00:06:19.858
continued to call it Fort Pitt.
00:06:20.379 --> 00:06:21.221
And then there was another
00:06:21.321 --> 00:06:22.122
arm of the Kenyans,
00:06:22.141 --> 00:06:23.423
about another thousand men
00:06:23.603 --> 00:06:25.504
under Colonel Andrew Lewis
00:06:25.966 --> 00:06:29.430
that came up from across the, well,
00:06:29.449 --> 00:06:30.290
they didn't quite make it
00:06:30.350 --> 00:06:31.812
across the Ohio before they
00:06:31.851 --> 00:06:33.074
were attacked.
00:06:33.093 --> 00:06:35.096
Right, on the Kanawha.
00:06:35.156 --> 00:06:36.177
Right, on the Kanawha.
00:06:37.935 --> 00:06:39.596
And there was a big battle, of course,
00:06:39.636 --> 00:06:40.737
there at Point Pleasant.
00:06:42.617 --> 00:06:44.499
Cornstalk leading a combined force,
00:06:44.519 --> 00:06:45.660
a lot of Shawnee warriors,
00:06:45.680 --> 00:06:47.841
but they were also joined by Delaware,
00:06:47.860 --> 00:06:49.081
you know, the Lenny Lenape,
00:06:49.862 --> 00:06:51.262
some Wyandotte, of course,
00:06:51.283 --> 00:06:53.024
some Seneca Cayugas.
00:06:55.545 --> 00:06:58.007
And they made an attack at Point Pleasant.
00:06:58.026 --> 00:07:00.048
This is before Lewis's army
00:07:00.149 --> 00:07:01.168
crossed the Ohio.
00:07:02.050 --> 00:07:03.711
It would appear that they, you know,
00:07:03.750 --> 00:07:03.951
it was a
00:07:04.723 --> 00:07:06.185
Brilliant maneuver.
00:07:06.225 --> 00:07:07.247
They attacked in the morning.
00:07:07.588 --> 00:07:08.449
It was a fog.
00:07:09.050 --> 00:07:09.930
Got very close,
00:07:10.011 --> 00:07:11.653
but the presence was very known,
00:07:12.153 --> 00:07:14.617
or even known, rather.
00:07:15.459 --> 00:07:16.980
Some sources say a day-long battle,
00:07:17.060 --> 00:07:20.245
but I want to say about a fifth
00:07:21.324 --> 00:07:24.026
Lewis's army was destroyed in that attack.
00:07:24.666 --> 00:07:27.428
Before Cornstalk followed up, there was a,
00:07:27.488 --> 00:07:29.490
you see where there was
00:07:29.610 --> 00:07:31.531
like 500 men coming from,
00:07:31.791 --> 00:07:34.834
I think from Fort Fincastle, you know,
00:07:35.475 --> 00:07:37.076
fell back into the fight.
00:07:38.838 --> 00:07:39.617
It's an amazing battle.
00:07:43.305 --> 00:07:45.406
So that's, and Lord, you know,
00:07:45.466 --> 00:07:46.786
he sent word to Lewis.
00:07:47.226 --> 00:07:48.288
Lewis is really mad,
00:07:48.648 --> 00:07:49.829
reorganizing his army.
00:07:50.348 --> 00:07:50.949
But, you know,
00:07:50.968 --> 00:07:52.670
by the time Point Pleasant
00:07:52.689 --> 00:07:53.630
was taking place,
00:07:54.490 --> 00:07:59.134
Lord Dunmore was on his way to the fire,
00:07:59.733 --> 00:08:01.334
which is where Cornstalk's town.
00:08:02.115 --> 00:08:02.475
But, you know,
00:08:02.495 --> 00:08:03.795
we've gotten so far ahead
00:08:04.276 --> 00:08:05.177
that part of the,
00:08:06.038 --> 00:08:07.838
Lord Dunmore's maneuvering
00:08:08.639 --> 00:08:10.680
before he actually left Cortex,
00:08:11.000 --> 00:08:12.000
or Fort Dunmore,
00:08:12.625 --> 00:08:15.646
He dispatched 500 men down
00:08:15.685 --> 00:08:17.146
the Ohio under the command
00:08:17.187 --> 00:08:18.646
of Captain William Crawford.
00:08:19.466 --> 00:08:20.887
And that name Crawford came
00:08:20.968 --> 00:08:22.648
up in Ohio history.
00:08:22.668 --> 00:08:27.110
And if there's anybody from Ohio history,
00:08:27.110 --> 00:08:27.490
.
00:08:27.490 --> 00:08:29.130
He sent Crawford down the Ohio.
00:08:29.870 --> 00:08:32.451
And it was his job basically to go down.
00:08:33.499 --> 00:08:34.178
When you look through some
00:08:34.219 --> 00:08:35.919
of the letters and some of
00:08:35.940 --> 00:08:37.120
the research that's been done,
00:08:37.139 --> 00:08:38.221
it looked like, at first,
00:08:38.280 --> 00:08:39.881
he was going to build Fort
00:08:39.961 --> 00:08:44.143
Gower on the southern side of the Ohio.
00:08:44.222 --> 00:08:44.663
In fact,
00:08:44.724 --> 00:08:47.625
some of George Washington's land
00:08:48.365 --> 00:08:49.985
that he had in that area.
00:08:50.046 --> 00:08:51.005
For whatever reason,
00:08:52.005 --> 00:08:54.246
he decided to cross and do
00:08:54.267 --> 00:08:56.148
it on the north side of the Ohio,
00:08:56.687 --> 00:08:58.708
right at the confluence of
00:08:58.769 --> 00:08:59.990
what they used to call it
00:09:00.029 --> 00:09:00.789
the Hock Hockey.
00:09:01.330 --> 00:09:02.931
Today, we call it the Hockey River.
00:09:03.624 --> 00:09:05.004
I guess you kind of see it
00:09:05.024 --> 00:09:06.225
in different ways.
00:09:06.245 --> 00:09:07.365
But at the confluence of the
00:09:07.424 --> 00:09:09.544
Hockey and the Ohio River.
00:09:10.284 --> 00:09:12.145
And there was this point of
00:09:12.206 --> 00:09:15.066
land that came out at that time.
00:09:15.125 --> 00:09:16.346
I guess that would be a good reason.
00:09:16.386 --> 00:09:17.027
Maybe that's one of the
00:09:17.067 --> 00:09:17.927
reasons that Crawford
00:09:17.947 --> 00:09:19.986
decided to cross the Ohio River.
00:09:20.206 --> 00:09:21.128
Because there wasn't a good
00:09:21.168 --> 00:09:23.988
defensible spot on the southern side.
00:09:24.347 --> 00:09:25.408
You're on the northern side.
00:09:25.447 --> 00:09:29.229
So where he put this Fort Gower, which,
00:09:29.249 --> 00:09:29.589
by the way,
00:09:29.708 --> 00:09:31.909
was named after a friend of
00:09:31.970 --> 00:09:32.750
Lord Dunmore's.
00:09:33.494 --> 00:09:36.475
um uh the beat count power I
00:09:36.515 --> 00:09:38.356
think it became lord of the
00:09:38.397 --> 00:09:39.758
privy council but he was an
00:09:39.798 --> 00:09:40.958
old friend of dunmore's
00:09:41.198 --> 00:09:43.321
okay um so you know it was
00:09:43.360 --> 00:09:44.662
protected on two sides by
00:09:44.721 --> 00:09:46.123
water because it came out
00:09:46.322 --> 00:09:48.264
into you know the river so
00:09:48.384 --> 00:09:49.985
two sides uh protected by
00:09:50.024 --> 00:09:52.187
water landward you know
00:09:52.226 --> 00:09:53.486
they cleared about 28 acres
00:09:53.888 --> 00:09:55.408
of timber that would build
00:09:55.448 --> 00:09:57.450
this in the black house it
00:09:57.470 --> 00:09:58.410
was a small court
00:09:59.477 --> 00:10:00.798
Um, it could have been defended,
00:10:01.299 --> 00:10:02.380
never was under siege and
00:10:02.400 --> 00:10:04.322
it was more of a supply depot.
00:10:04.501 --> 00:10:05.383
Right.
00:10:07.725 --> 00:10:08.586
And eventually of course,
00:10:08.666 --> 00:10:10.827
Lord Dunmore comes down,
00:10:10.927 --> 00:10:11.989
meets up there at the
00:10:12.048 --> 00:10:13.429
Hocking with Crawford's
00:10:13.509 --> 00:10:15.552
force has about 1500 men.
00:10:16.533 --> 00:10:18.474
Battle of Point Pleasant's raging.
00:10:18.494 --> 00:10:20.275
They don't really have that word yet.
00:10:20.975 --> 00:10:21.155
Um,
00:10:21.236 --> 00:10:24.558
but he starts to set off into the Ohio
00:10:24.619 --> 00:10:26.480
country for the Shawneen town.
00:10:27.201 --> 00:10:27.522
Okay.
00:10:28.927 --> 00:10:30.249
So he's setting in,
00:10:30.288 --> 00:10:31.729
then he manages to make
00:10:31.769 --> 00:10:33.529
peace with the Shawnee at
00:10:33.610 --> 00:10:35.331
Camp Charlotte or Fort Charlotte.
00:10:36.270 --> 00:10:36.591
He did.
00:10:37.071 --> 00:10:37.431
Yeah.
00:10:37.572 --> 00:10:40.572
The Treaty of Charlotte named for his wife,
00:10:41.052 --> 00:10:42.253
Camp Charlotte, that he set up.
00:10:42.273 --> 00:10:44.374
It was about, yeah.
00:10:44.453 --> 00:10:46.054
He was naming everything.
00:10:46.495 --> 00:10:47.134
That's right.
00:10:47.775 --> 00:10:49.155
But they didn't have a bigger family.
00:10:49.216 --> 00:10:50.657
There'd be more places in
00:10:50.777 --> 00:10:53.317
Ohio named for Dunmore relatives.
00:10:54.385 --> 00:10:54.946
You would think.
00:10:55.285 --> 00:10:55.907
You would think.
00:10:55.947 --> 00:10:58.128
But it's funny how things
00:10:58.227 --> 00:11:02.649
are and how people .
00:11:02.649 --> 00:11:03.750
He made sure that,
00:11:04.331 --> 00:11:04.910
and I'm going to tell you,
00:11:04.951 --> 00:11:06.432
that Treaty of Camp Charlotte,
00:11:07.952 --> 00:11:09.813
one of the things that made that possible,
00:11:09.913 --> 00:11:10.854
and really what the Treaty
00:11:10.874 --> 00:11:12.575
of Camp Charlotte did was it reinforced,
00:11:12.695 --> 00:11:13.294
I'm going to say,
00:11:13.434 --> 00:11:17.456
the Treaty of Fort Stanley from like 1770,
00:11:17.456 --> 00:11:22.179
kind of reestablished the original terms.
00:11:24.048 --> 00:11:24.928
And so he could, you know,
00:11:25.009 --> 00:11:25.970
claim peace for that.
00:11:26.110 --> 00:11:28.111
But there were a number of
00:11:28.211 --> 00:11:30.033
Native Americans living in
00:11:30.073 --> 00:11:31.895
the Ohio country that
00:11:32.096 --> 00:11:34.818
really helped make that peace possible.
00:11:34.859 --> 00:11:35.179
Right.
00:11:35.519 --> 00:11:35.679
Yeah.
00:11:41.916 --> 00:11:43.076
on the pick-away planes,
00:11:44.018 --> 00:11:45.399
because he's got scouts too.
00:11:46.000 --> 00:11:47.100
He was very well aware of
00:11:47.421 --> 00:11:49.241
the army down in Virginia,
00:11:49.702 --> 00:11:50.844
so he was able to set that up.
00:11:51.144 --> 00:11:52.784
He knew about the forces
00:11:52.825 --> 00:11:54.126
coming from Fort Fincastle.
00:11:54.466 --> 00:11:56.268
He knew that basically he's
00:11:56.368 --> 00:11:57.870
going to be caught between
00:11:57.909 --> 00:11:59.250
these big trenches.
00:11:59.971 --> 00:12:00.772
So at this point,
00:12:00.892 --> 00:12:02.594
he's thinking more of along
00:12:02.614 --> 00:12:03.474
the lines of peace.
00:12:05.696 --> 00:12:07.615
We learned about the
00:12:07.655 --> 00:12:09.476
American Revolution and we
00:12:09.496 --> 00:12:10.116
also learned that the
00:12:10.216 --> 00:12:13.518
Unitas were our allies very
00:12:13.577 --> 00:12:15.899
much during the Revolution.
00:12:17.059 --> 00:12:18.299
Here in the Ohio country,
00:12:18.639 --> 00:12:20.120
there were a number of Delaware
00:12:21.089 --> 00:12:22.229
that were our allies,
00:12:22.409 --> 00:12:25.211
especially living in the area around .
00:12:25.211 --> 00:12:28.011
And I can't pronounce his name,
00:12:28.032 --> 00:12:29.192
so I'm not going to try.
00:12:29.451 --> 00:12:31.212
But he had a nickname that
00:12:31.253 --> 00:12:32.393
they called him White Eyes.
00:12:33.094 --> 00:12:35.294
White Eyes was also as the
00:12:35.514 --> 00:12:39.296
peacemaker for a number of .
00:12:39.296 --> 00:12:40.856
And he really made the
00:12:40.937 --> 00:12:43.077
Treaty of Camp Charlotte possible.
00:12:43.837 --> 00:12:45.678
Of course, one of the Native Americans
00:12:46.703 --> 00:12:47.625
one of the leaders that
00:12:47.725 --> 00:12:49.424
didn't come to the Treaty
00:12:49.445 --> 00:12:52.486
of Camp Charlie was John Logan,
00:12:52.567 --> 00:12:54.327
Keith Logan.
00:12:55.687 --> 00:12:59.110
But Wright did agree to dictate a message.
00:13:00.071 --> 00:13:02.152
One of the things you learn
00:13:02.292 --> 00:13:03.672
when you talk about Lord
00:13:03.711 --> 00:13:05.072
Dunmore's War and the Fort
00:13:05.113 --> 00:13:06.254
Gower Resolves and
00:13:06.354 --> 00:13:06.913
everything that was
00:13:06.974 --> 00:13:08.335
happening here prior to the
00:13:08.355 --> 00:13:09.335
American Revolution,
00:13:10.174 --> 00:13:13.356
it's kind of a who's who of here in Ohio
00:13:16.275 --> 00:13:18.057
and where they went after that.
00:13:19.256 --> 00:13:22.278
Lord Fenmore felt that he
00:13:22.357 --> 00:13:24.758
needed Logan's agreement
00:13:25.238 --> 00:13:26.719
for there to be peace in
00:13:26.759 --> 00:13:27.778
the Ohio country.
00:13:28.839 --> 00:13:33.320
So he sent three scouts to
00:13:33.519 --> 00:13:36.280
Logan at his camp on Congo Creek.
00:13:37.330 --> 00:13:39.490
And the really cool thing is, Professor,
00:13:39.750 --> 00:13:40.931
and you and your listeners,
00:13:40.971 --> 00:13:42.371
if you ever travel to Ohio,
00:13:42.432 --> 00:13:44.253
you can go to Logan Elm
00:13:44.373 --> 00:13:47.813
State Park just outside Circleville,
00:13:47.833 --> 00:13:48.274
Ohio.
00:13:49.114 --> 00:13:51.554
Unfortunately, the elm is long gone.
00:13:52.235 --> 00:13:54.677
They had replanted an elm from there.
00:13:56.576 --> 00:13:58.738
Congo Creek still flows
00:13:59.097 --> 00:14:00.958
right by that area.
00:14:02.099 --> 00:14:04.659
Two of those scouts that he sent to
00:14:07.154 --> 00:14:08.475
or Logan rather,
00:14:08.716 --> 00:14:11.558
was Simon Gertie and Simon Kenton.
00:14:12.700 --> 00:14:13.821
I think Kenton was known as
00:14:13.880 --> 00:14:15.361
Simon Butler at the time,
00:14:15.442 --> 00:14:16.822
and he hadn't revealed yet
00:14:17.403 --> 00:14:22.167
that his real last name was Kenton,
00:14:22.927 --> 00:14:23.768
but they're the ones that
00:14:23.788 --> 00:14:26.591
went in to get Logan's message.
00:14:27.451 --> 00:14:28.312
Some suggest,
00:14:28.652 --> 00:14:29.613
I've seen some other readings
00:14:29.653 --> 00:14:31.073
that John Gibson,
00:14:32.995 --> 00:14:34.576
John Gibson was a Virginia
00:14:34.616 --> 00:14:35.758
military officer,
00:14:36.778 --> 00:14:41.200
He was married to Logan's daughter,
00:14:41.740 --> 00:14:43.280
I believe, one of Logan's daughters.
00:14:44.900 --> 00:14:46.282
And some say that it was
00:14:46.381 --> 00:14:47.861
Gibson himself who went to
00:14:47.942 --> 00:14:49.022
Logan and got his speech.
00:14:49.081 --> 00:14:49.982
And some of that might have
00:14:50.023 --> 00:14:51.543
to do with the fact that, you know,
00:14:51.602 --> 00:14:52.562
Gertie turned trade.
00:14:53.344 --> 00:14:54.423
And it's hard to give credit
00:14:54.764 --> 00:14:56.224
for such an eloquent speech
00:14:57.565 --> 00:15:00.485
to the white renegade, Simon Gertie.
00:15:00.505 --> 00:15:01.326
Right, Simon Gertie, yeah.
00:15:02.587 --> 00:15:03.908
But Simon Purdy,
00:15:05.389 --> 00:15:07.168
he had been taken prisoner
00:15:07.229 --> 00:15:08.349
about the time he was 11
00:15:08.349 --> 00:15:09.769
during the French and Indian War.
00:15:10.089 --> 00:15:11.590
Of course, about seven years.
00:15:12.009 --> 00:15:13.970
Lived among the Seneca.
00:15:15.149 --> 00:15:20.191
And he later became, for the British,
00:15:20.331 --> 00:15:22.131
he was an interpreter to the Six Nations.
00:15:22.912 --> 00:15:25.532
So he was very fluent in the
00:15:25.751 --> 00:15:27.972
woodland language of the Ohio country.
00:15:29.682 --> 00:15:30.724
And there's this, you know,
00:15:30.764 --> 00:15:32.205
if we're gonna nerd out on
00:15:32.264 --> 00:15:33.004
something like this.
00:15:33.384 --> 00:15:34.525
The other argument I think
00:15:35.105 --> 00:15:36.366
is why it wasn't it,
00:15:37.466 --> 00:15:40.509
is in Logan's speech itself.
00:15:41.589 --> 00:15:42.529
We know the business about
00:15:42.610 --> 00:15:43.350
Michael Crescent,
00:15:43.389 --> 00:15:44.190
how he thought it was
00:15:44.691 --> 00:15:47.912
Colonel Crescent who did that.
00:15:49.013 --> 00:15:50.913
But he also said another thing in here.
00:15:50.994 --> 00:15:53.355
Can I just give you a quick reading?
00:15:54.160 --> 00:15:55.022
Sure, sure.
00:15:56.163 --> 00:15:57.323
This is what Logan said.
00:15:57.644 --> 00:15:58.524
We can come back to it.
00:15:59.804 --> 00:16:01.307
I appealed to any white man
00:16:01.366 --> 00:16:03.467
to say that he ever entered Logan's cabin,
00:16:03.908 --> 00:16:05.129
but I gave him not meat.
00:16:05.730 --> 00:16:06.931
That he ever came naked,
00:16:07.491 --> 00:16:08.331
but I clothed him.
00:16:09.192 --> 00:16:10.594
In the course of the last war,
00:16:10.994 --> 00:16:12.514
Logan remained in his cabin,
00:16:12.796 --> 00:16:14.157
an advocate for peace.
00:16:14.976 --> 00:16:16.238
I had such an affection for
00:16:16.258 --> 00:16:17.599
the white people that I was
00:16:17.700 --> 00:16:19.400
pointed at by the rest of my nation.
00:16:20.241 --> 00:16:21.201
I should have lived with
00:16:21.241 --> 00:16:23.323
them had it not been for Colonel Cressa,
00:16:23.831 --> 00:16:25.451
who last year cut off in
00:16:25.591 --> 00:16:27.874
cold blood all the relatives of Logan,
00:16:28.453 --> 00:16:30.615
not sparing women and children.
00:16:31.275 --> 00:16:31.875
Here's the thing.
00:16:31.936 --> 00:16:33.898
It turns out that Logan's
00:16:34.038 --> 00:16:36.818
granddaughter is still alive.
00:16:38.000 --> 00:16:40.201
But it would appear from
00:16:40.461 --> 00:16:41.743
when he gave this speech,
00:16:42.523 --> 00:16:43.423
that he was pretty much
00:16:43.503 --> 00:16:45.744
convinced that his entire
00:16:45.923 --> 00:16:47.464
bloodline was gone because
00:16:47.504 --> 00:16:49.004
it goes right after that.
00:16:49.605 --> 00:16:50.085
It says,
00:16:50.504 --> 00:16:52.785
there runs not a drop of my blood
00:16:52.926 --> 00:16:55.426
in the veins of any living creature.
00:16:56.687 --> 00:16:58.326
This call upon me for revenge.
00:16:58.407 --> 00:16:59.047
I have sought it.
00:16:59.067 --> 00:17:01.268
I have killed many and fully
00:17:01.327 --> 00:17:02.248
flooded my revenge.
00:17:03.087 --> 00:17:04.288
I am glad that there is a
00:17:04.388 --> 00:17:05.409
prospect of peace.
00:17:06.092 --> 00:17:07.133
on account of the nation,
00:17:07.153 --> 00:17:08.134
but I beg you will not
00:17:08.213 --> 00:17:09.154
entertain a thought that
00:17:09.275 --> 00:17:12.017
anything I have said proceeds from fear.
00:17:12.758 --> 00:17:14.318
Logan disdains the thought.
00:17:14.378 --> 00:17:16.040
He will not turn on his heel
00:17:16.121 --> 00:17:17.082
to save his life.
00:17:17.942 --> 00:17:19.683
Who is there to mourn for Logan?
00:17:20.325 --> 00:17:21.164
Not one.
00:17:22.105 --> 00:17:23.007
And I'm thinking that
00:17:24.567 --> 00:17:25.709
Captain Gibson at the time
00:17:27.371 --> 00:17:27.851
would have been there.
00:17:27.891 --> 00:17:29.092
He would have said, you know,
00:17:29.392 --> 00:17:30.614
let me take care of dust.
00:17:30.933 --> 00:17:33.135
Yeah, there's a few things there.
00:17:34.516 --> 00:17:36.217
that weren't directed at the time.
00:17:38.417 --> 00:17:40.858
I really think it was Simon Gertie,
00:17:41.219 --> 00:17:41.939
Simon Genton,
00:17:42.519 --> 00:17:44.859
they're the ones that won it.
00:17:45.780 --> 00:17:47.020
Interesting.
00:17:47.320 --> 00:17:48.622
We're talking with Chris
00:17:48.662 --> 00:17:50.682
Matheny from Ohio telling
00:17:50.722 --> 00:17:54.163
us about the episode known
00:17:54.183 --> 00:17:55.585
as Dunmore's War,
00:17:55.664 --> 00:17:56.644
which has lots of
00:17:56.684 --> 00:17:58.385
repercussions in Ohio and
00:17:58.405 --> 00:17:59.766
in the wider country.
00:18:00.547 --> 00:18:01.567
I just want to
00:18:02.147 --> 00:18:03.388
Back up for a second, Chris,
00:18:03.409 --> 00:18:04.710
before we get back to the
00:18:04.789 --> 00:18:05.971
Fort Gower resolves.
00:18:06.310 --> 00:18:07.511
Back in 1908,
00:18:07.511 --> 00:18:08.712
the Congress of the United
00:18:08.772 --> 00:18:09.894
States designated the
00:18:09.933 --> 00:18:11.355
Battle of Point Pleasant as
00:18:11.394 --> 00:18:12.434
the first battle of the
00:18:12.496 --> 00:18:13.695
American Revolution.
00:18:13.715 --> 00:18:16.498
I wonder if you want to weigh in on this.
00:18:17.699 --> 00:18:18.059
Wow.
00:18:18.359 --> 00:18:18.720
Okay.
00:18:18.819 --> 00:18:20.540
You know, that would be October 10th,
00:18:20.540 --> 00:18:21.342
1774.
00:18:21.342 --> 00:18:26.786
Gosh, the Battle of Point Pleasant.
00:18:27.226 --> 00:18:27.826
It's certainly...
00:18:28.738 --> 00:18:31.378
had a lot of the figures from .
00:18:34.000 --> 00:18:35.579
Yeah.
00:18:35.660 --> 00:18:36.619
My question always is,
00:18:36.700 --> 00:18:38.020
where was the Massachusetts
00:18:38.060 --> 00:18:39.760
delegation the week
00:18:39.901 --> 00:18:41.362
Congress was passing that?
00:18:41.781 --> 00:18:43.942
Our senator then had a PhD
00:18:43.981 --> 00:18:45.262
in history from Harvard.
00:18:45.623 --> 00:18:47.442
I wonder what Henry Cabot
00:18:47.462 --> 00:18:48.644
Lodge's thoughts were.
00:18:49.124 --> 00:18:50.763
Was this just to placate the
00:18:50.804 --> 00:18:53.404
West Virginians or was this actually,
00:18:54.384 --> 00:18:56.405
and who are we to disagree with Congress?
00:18:57.855 --> 00:18:58.617
I hear what you're saying.
00:18:58.718 --> 00:18:58.999
I mean,
00:18:59.159 --> 00:19:00.682
it's that First Continental
00:19:00.722 --> 00:19:03.127
Conference is going on, right?
00:19:03.648 --> 00:19:04.632
That's in September.
00:19:05.353 --> 00:19:05.673
That's right.
00:19:07.098 --> 00:19:08.579
And that is always,
00:19:09.000 --> 00:19:10.740
it never leaves the minds
00:19:10.821 --> 00:19:12.281
of those Virginians and
00:19:12.303 --> 00:19:13.884
those Pennsylvanians for that matter.
00:19:14.243 --> 00:19:16.826
They know what's going on back there.
00:19:17.046 --> 00:19:18.246
So that's in their minds.
00:19:18.406 --> 00:19:19.988
But I can't help but say,
00:19:20.667 --> 00:19:22.489
I'll give you 50-50 on that, Bob.
00:19:22.749 --> 00:19:26.432
Because a big part of Lord Dunmore's war,
00:19:26.471 --> 00:19:27.732
that particular fight of
00:19:27.833 --> 00:19:28.854
which the Battle of Point
00:19:28.933 --> 00:19:30.994
Pleasant is definitely part
00:19:31.035 --> 00:19:32.115
of Lord Dunmore's war.
00:19:32.375 --> 00:19:35.557
We've got to lay a big part
00:19:35.577 --> 00:19:36.878
of the blame at the foot.
00:19:37.542 --> 00:19:38.763
of Lord Dunmore himself.
00:19:39.984 --> 00:19:41.885
And it was agitating.
00:19:42.566 --> 00:19:44.426
Maybe not agitating himself,
00:19:45.147 --> 00:19:46.449
but there was a fellow that
00:19:46.509 --> 00:19:49.589
he employed as his agent, his land agent.
00:19:50.151 --> 00:19:51.731
His name was John Connolly.
00:19:52.833 --> 00:19:54.153
And John Connolly had an
00:19:54.292 --> 00:19:55.574
interesting background.
00:19:56.255 --> 00:19:56.654
You know,
00:19:57.996 --> 00:20:00.576
he was evidently quite a frontiersman.
00:20:01.397 --> 00:20:03.038
One of the few that had gone
00:20:03.118 --> 00:20:04.779
all the way down the Ohio
00:20:05.634 --> 00:20:06.315
at that time,
00:20:06.895 --> 00:20:08.455
and he had been out in the
00:20:08.737 --> 00:20:09.997
Indiana and the Illinois
00:20:10.656 --> 00:20:12.498
country at different times.
00:20:12.518 --> 00:20:14.358
So he had the one that's put
00:20:14.398 --> 00:20:16.160
in this whole Vandalia thing.
00:20:20.219 --> 00:20:24.181
And Dunmore makes him his land agent,
00:20:24.461 --> 00:20:25.701
but also puts him in charge
00:20:25.981 --> 00:20:28.364
of the militia at Fort Dunmore.
00:20:28.804 --> 00:20:29.064
Right.
00:20:29.503 --> 00:20:31.045
He sends him to refill Fort Dunmore.
00:20:31.065 --> 00:20:31.586
Yeah.
00:20:32.286 --> 00:20:32.566
Right.
00:20:32.705 --> 00:20:32.885
Yeah.
00:20:32.926 --> 00:20:34.027
He puts him in charge there.
00:20:34.446 --> 00:20:35.508
And there's a lot of
00:20:35.627 --> 00:20:37.489
sinister things start happening.
00:20:37.608 --> 00:20:40.151
Like a delegation of Shawnee
00:20:40.211 --> 00:20:42.051
that had been invited to
00:20:42.132 --> 00:20:44.173
Fort Dunmore for peace talks.
00:20:44.614 --> 00:20:44.814
Mm-hmm.
00:20:45.153 --> 00:20:49.076
run into this militia who fire on them.
00:20:49.695 --> 00:20:50.317
Nobody's hurt,
00:20:50.636 --> 00:20:53.218
but they fire on them and then take off.
00:20:53.999 --> 00:20:56.319
So I think there was a constant agitation.
00:20:56.359 --> 00:20:57.460
I'm not saying that, you know,
00:20:57.500 --> 00:20:58.381
that the Shawnee didn't
00:20:58.441 --> 00:21:00.942
cross the Ohio and go into, you know,
00:21:00.961 --> 00:21:02.163
what was the Kentucky area.
00:21:02.262 --> 00:21:04.304
I'm not saying, but really,
00:21:04.403 --> 00:21:06.025
I think Dunmore as the
00:21:06.224 --> 00:21:07.565
Royal governor of Virginia
00:21:07.625 --> 00:21:10.207
and really ultimately in peace, you know,
00:21:10.247 --> 00:21:12.607
he really made that happen.
00:21:13.294 --> 00:21:15.234
So I'm going to talk about Lord Dunmore.
00:21:15.255 --> 00:21:16.375
Of course,
00:21:16.415 --> 00:21:19.258
he kind of gets hero status for
00:21:19.298 --> 00:21:21.098
a short time after that conflict,
00:21:21.159 --> 00:21:23.740
but within five months,
00:21:23.760 --> 00:21:24.721
the Virginians have chased
00:21:24.761 --> 00:21:25.741
him out onto that ship.
00:21:26.542 --> 00:21:29.825
Right, right.
00:21:30.165 --> 00:21:30.625
So Chris,
00:21:30.665 --> 00:21:32.446
let's get to what happens on
00:21:32.507 --> 00:21:35.828
November 5th at Fort Gower.
00:21:35.888 --> 00:21:37.971
This is an interesting moment when
00:21:38.362 --> 00:21:39.603
that somewhere apparently
00:21:39.623 --> 00:21:40.903
does want them to express
00:21:40.923 --> 00:21:43.246
their fealty to the crown, and they do,
00:21:43.686 --> 00:21:44.827
but in an interesting way.
00:21:45.709 --> 00:21:46.068
They do.
00:21:46.308 --> 00:21:46.690
They do.
00:21:46.849 --> 00:21:50.992
And I'll say again, if I haven't already,
00:21:51.173 --> 00:21:52.654
that the Fort Gower
00:21:52.694 --> 00:21:54.416
resolves were among many resolves.
00:21:54.436 --> 00:21:55.396
Certainly, you're in,
00:21:56.038 --> 00:21:57.598
am I pronouncing that when I say Suffolk?
00:21:58.378 --> 00:21:58.979
Suffolk, yeah.
00:21:58.999 --> 00:21:59.259
Suffolk.
00:21:59.878 --> 00:22:01.279
Suffolk, yes.
00:22:01.480 --> 00:22:02.920
Suffolk resolves, right?
00:22:02.960 --> 00:22:03.881
Yes, yes.
00:22:04.740 --> 00:22:06.221
There's the Culpeper resolves.
00:22:06.260 --> 00:22:07.261
There's the Halifax.
00:22:07.682 --> 00:22:09.623
And the Fairfax resolves, yes.
00:22:09.782 --> 00:22:10.942
Fairfax resolves.
00:22:11.103 --> 00:22:11.502
And you know,
00:22:11.823 --> 00:22:14.163
Virginians largely made up
00:22:14.523 --> 00:22:16.964
this delegation that created it.
00:22:17.845 --> 00:22:20.688
So maybe they had it, you know,
00:22:20.768 --> 00:22:22.048
in their mind when they did.
00:22:22.388 --> 00:22:22.849
But you're right.
00:22:22.930 --> 00:22:23.269
Okay.
00:22:23.329 --> 00:22:26.833
So finally they have peace.
00:22:26.972 --> 00:22:27.794
Camp Charlotte.
00:22:28.554 --> 00:22:30.796
Lord Dunmore's army is heading back.
00:22:32.478 --> 00:22:34.920
They reach and it's, to my knowledge,
00:22:35.059 --> 00:22:35.681
Cornstalk
00:22:36.361 --> 00:22:38.442
And I'm going to say her name, Nan Halima.
00:22:38.882 --> 00:22:41.762
Nan Halima was a Shawnee woman.
00:22:42.363 --> 00:22:44.323
She was a chief.
00:22:44.742 --> 00:22:45.763
She was a warrior.
00:22:45.864 --> 00:22:46.983
She was a peacemaker.
00:22:47.023 --> 00:22:48.644
And they kind of fought
00:22:48.825 --> 00:22:50.404
along to make sure that
00:22:50.444 --> 00:22:53.965
this force not only left the Ohio country,
00:22:54.566 --> 00:22:56.767
but that it also got out safely.
00:22:57.626 --> 00:23:00.208
So they marched back to Fort
00:23:00.268 --> 00:23:04.148
Gower there on the hockey in Ohio.
00:23:04.328 --> 00:23:04.888
Lord Dunmore.
00:23:05.438 --> 00:23:07.700
Pretty much he and his honorage take off.
00:23:08.000 --> 00:23:09.362
They head back to Fort Pitt.
00:23:10.041 --> 00:23:12.403
So that leaves all these
00:23:12.585 --> 00:23:15.207
officers and men from this army.
00:23:15.326 --> 00:23:16.888
And while they're at Fort Gower,
00:23:17.888 --> 00:23:20.132
they receive word from the
00:23:20.172 --> 00:23:21.272
First Continental Congress,
00:23:21.472 --> 00:23:23.074
or at least some of the
00:23:23.114 --> 00:23:25.076
result of the Continental Congress.
00:23:26.057 --> 00:23:27.337
And it's terrifying.
00:23:27.397 --> 00:23:28.940
I can't think of a better word for that.
00:23:29.679 --> 00:23:29.818
Now,
00:23:30.219 --> 00:23:32.421
considering that they've come off this
00:23:33.122 --> 00:23:34.461
victory, so to speak,
00:23:34.542 --> 00:23:35.282
I guess you could say
00:23:35.482 --> 00:23:38.005
ultimately it was a victory,
00:23:38.265 --> 00:23:39.625
even though we must
00:23:39.705 --> 00:23:40.807
acknowledge that Cornstalk
00:23:40.866 --> 00:23:43.189
and his forces did a number on Louis.
00:23:43.288 --> 00:23:43.689
Right.
00:23:43.909 --> 00:23:44.569
Right.
00:23:45.130 --> 00:23:46.131
So that's, you know,
00:23:46.151 --> 00:23:47.592
a lot of victories like that.
00:23:48.471 --> 00:23:49.053
Yeah.
00:23:49.972 --> 00:23:51.394
But they did get the treaty
00:23:51.454 --> 00:23:53.076
signed and they head back.
00:23:53.096 --> 00:23:54.135
So they're feeling good.
00:23:56.478 --> 00:23:57.638
And let's say.
00:23:58.423 --> 00:23:59.284
that the results,
00:23:59.364 --> 00:24:00.884
maybe we should say beforehand, you know,
00:24:00.904 --> 00:24:03.865
we talked about the who's who,
00:24:03.986 --> 00:24:06.288
who was this.
00:24:06.407 --> 00:24:07.748
There were just so many and
00:24:07.827 --> 00:24:09.828
some very colorful characters,
00:24:10.308 --> 00:24:12.769
including Daniel Morgan.
00:24:14.070 --> 00:24:15.271
And I don't know what you
00:24:15.311 --> 00:24:16.332
know about Daniel Morgan,
00:24:16.352 --> 00:24:17.593
but when I think of Daniel Morgan,
00:24:17.633 --> 00:24:19.993
I think he was quite truly
00:24:20.034 --> 00:24:20.933
a frontiersman.
00:24:21.114 --> 00:24:24.035
He certainly spoke how he
00:24:24.174 --> 00:24:25.395
felt at the time.
00:24:26.355 --> 00:24:27.557
George Rogers Clark,
00:24:28.631 --> 00:24:30.991
Daniel William Crawford.
00:24:31.751 --> 00:24:32.852
Remind me about Crawford if
00:24:32.892 --> 00:24:33.791
we don't talk about this.
00:24:33.832 --> 00:24:35.633
Michael Crescent was there.
00:24:35.932 --> 00:24:37.032
Maybe that's a reason that
00:24:37.053 --> 00:24:38.272
he didn't want to come into
00:24:38.353 --> 00:24:41.034
camp because Michael Crescent was there.
00:24:41.933 --> 00:24:43.075
Ebenezer Zane.
00:24:43.315 --> 00:24:44.994
I'm hoping these names
00:24:45.075 --> 00:24:45.994
remind you of something.
00:24:46.295 --> 00:24:47.455
We already mentioned Simon
00:24:47.556 --> 00:24:49.476
Kenton and Simon Gurdy.
00:24:49.556 --> 00:24:50.355
Adam Stevens was there.
00:24:50.375 --> 00:24:51.195
All these Virginians.
00:24:59.106 --> 00:24:59.787
decide,
00:24:59.987 --> 00:25:02.928
after hearing what's going on with
00:25:02.968 --> 00:25:04.308
the First Continental Congress,
00:25:04.848 --> 00:25:06.609
to make their own resolves.
00:25:07.289 --> 00:25:08.549
And these resolves, by the way,
00:25:08.609 --> 00:25:09.590
Fort Dower resolves,
00:25:10.270 --> 00:25:11.351
I'm sure we talked a little
00:25:11.371 --> 00:25:11.951
bit about this.
00:25:13.731 --> 00:25:15.333
They were published in the
00:25:15.373 --> 00:25:16.232
Virginia Gazette.
00:25:16.252 --> 00:25:16.292
22nd, 1774.
00:25:16.732 --> 00:25:17.374
So those of you at home,
00:25:17.653 --> 00:25:18.433
you can look that up.
00:25:24.911 --> 00:25:28.054
Make sure it's the Alex
00:25:28.193 --> 00:25:29.934
Purdy and John Dixon
00:25:30.355 --> 00:25:32.096
edition of the Virginia Gazette.
00:25:32.156 --> 00:25:32.757
I think there were two
00:25:32.797 --> 00:25:34.318
different Virginia Gazettes at the time,
00:25:34.679 --> 00:25:35.839
but that one in particular
00:25:35.900 --> 00:25:38.301
holds the Fort Gower results in it.
00:25:40.184 --> 00:25:41.325
But they had a meeting of
00:25:41.746 --> 00:25:44.126
officers under the Earl of Dunmore.
00:25:44.166 --> 00:25:45.228
Now he's gone, right?
00:25:45.827 --> 00:25:47.148
But had a meeting of
00:25:47.169 --> 00:25:48.189
officers under the command
00:25:48.229 --> 00:25:50.029
of his excellency, the right honorable,
00:25:50.089 --> 00:25:50.990
the Earl of Dunmore,
00:25:51.191 --> 00:25:53.531
convened at Fort Gower, November 5th,
00:25:53.531 --> 00:25:54.553
1774,
00:25:54.553 --> 00:25:56.634
for the purpose of considering
00:25:56.653 --> 00:25:58.755
grievances of British America.
00:25:59.615 --> 00:26:01.176
An officer present addressed
00:26:01.217 --> 00:26:03.337
the meeting in the following words.
00:26:03.417 --> 00:26:04.558
And I think this is kind of
00:26:04.578 --> 00:26:05.798
a nice preamble because of
00:26:05.898 --> 00:26:06.759
what it says in here.
00:26:07.537 --> 00:26:08.457
It says, gentlemen,
00:26:09.077 --> 00:26:10.218
having now concluded the
00:26:10.278 --> 00:26:12.239
campaign by the assistance
00:26:12.278 --> 00:26:13.699
of Providence with honor
00:26:14.098 --> 00:26:16.339
and advantage to the colony and ourselves,
00:26:16.460 --> 00:26:18.141
it only remains that we
00:26:18.181 --> 00:26:19.921
should give our country the
00:26:20.000 --> 00:26:21.602
strongest assurance that we
00:26:21.781 --> 00:26:23.942
are ready at all times for
00:26:23.982 --> 00:26:25.683
the utmost of our power to
00:26:25.723 --> 00:26:27.144
maintain and defend her
00:26:27.223 --> 00:26:28.704
just rights and privileges.
00:26:29.625 --> 00:26:31.164
We have lived about three
00:26:31.226 --> 00:26:32.205
months in the woods.
00:26:32.645 --> 00:26:33.665
This is where the bragging
00:26:33.705 --> 00:26:34.967
starts right here.
00:26:36.075 --> 00:26:37.377
without any intelligence
00:26:37.518 --> 00:26:39.442
from Boston or from the
00:26:39.481 --> 00:26:40.965
delegates at Philadelphia.
00:26:41.905 --> 00:26:43.207
It is possible from the
00:26:43.287 --> 00:26:44.326
groundless reports of
00:26:44.386 --> 00:26:45.688
designing men that our
00:26:45.788 --> 00:26:47.108
countrymen may be jealous
00:26:47.229 --> 00:26:48.609
of the use such a body
00:26:48.650 --> 00:26:49.990
would make of arms in their
00:26:50.030 --> 00:26:51.951
hands at this critical juncture.
00:26:52.392 --> 00:26:53.291
And what that means is
00:26:53.332 --> 00:26:54.133
they're assuring their
00:26:54.173 --> 00:26:55.393
friends in Pennsylvania
00:26:55.913 --> 00:26:56.773
that they're not going to
00:26:56.814 --> 00:26:59.415
come up there and .
00:26:59.415 --> 00:27:00.236
This is the whole business
00:27:00.276 --> 00:27:01.376
with Fort Dunmore.
00:27:01.396 --> 00:27:03.397
Yeah, it really worked it.
00:27:03.518 --> 00:27:05.179
We're not on those lands.
00:27:05.239 --> 00:27:06.179
Let us assure our friends
00:27:06.199 --> 00:27:06.920
from Pennsylvania,
00:27:07.339 --> 00:27:08.681
we're not going to attack you.
00:27:09.894 --> 00:27:13.356
That we are a respectable body is certain.
00:27:13.936 --> 00:27:15.038
When it is considered that
00:27:15.077 --> 00:27:18.439
we can live weeks without bread or salt,
00:27:19.058 --> 00:27:20.099
that we can sleep in the
00:27:20.240 --> 00:27:21.421
open air without any
00:27:21.520 --> 00:27:24.001
covering but that of the canopy of heaven,
00:27:24.902 --> 00:27:26.383
and that our men can march
00:27:26.522 --> 00:27:28.923
and shoot with any in the known world.
00:27:30.365 --> 00:27:31.766
Part of me, this is, you know, yeah,
00:27:31.826 --> 00:27:32.465
we're letting the British
00:27:32.486 --> 00:27:33.946
know we've got a lot of in here.
00:27:34.007 --> 00:27:37.167
We've got off the country.
00:27:37.588 --> 00:27:38.548
Dan Morgan, you know, he
00:27:39.019 --> 00:27:41.140
We raised the Virginia Rifle
00:27:41.681 --> 00:27:44.222
in Austin in record time to
00:27:45.063 --> 00:27:46.203
help surround the British.
00:27:46.983 --> 00:27:48.945
But I think it's also,
00:27:49.526 --> 00:27:51.027
we've got to say what it is.
00:27:51.528 --> 00:27:54.690
They have just concluded a
00:27:54.750 --> 00:27:56.131
successful campaign with
00:27:56.171 --> 00:27:57.471
what they probably feel the
00:27:57.531 --> 00:27:59.113
best fighters in the world are,
00:27:59.393 --> 00:28:00.173
which are the Native
00:28:00.233 --> 00:28:01.855
Americans that are living
00:28:01.875 --> 00:28:03.256
in Ohio country.
00:28:03.776 --> 00:28:05.596
They have survived that campaign.
00:28:07.411 --> 00:28:08.531
At this point, you know,
00:28:08.692 --> 00:28:10.955
with all due respect to the
00:28:11.017 --> 00:28:12.178
Native Americans there,
00:28:12.558 --> 00:28:14.122
this was a heck of a fight.
00:28:14.182 --> 00:28:17.807
So they're feeling, you know,
00:28:18.067 --> 00:28:19.029
they should see what we just did.
00:28:20.028 --> 00:28:21.089
Blessed with these talents,
00:28:21.150 --> 00:28:22.711
let us solemnly engage to
00:28:22.790 --> 00:28:24.212
one another and our country
00:28:24.333 --> 00:28:25.773
in particular that we will
00:28:25.874 --> 00:28:27.635
use them to no purpose but
00:28:27.655 --> 00:28:28.997
for the honor and advantage
00:28:29.096 --> 00:28:30.837
of America in general and
00:28:30.878 --> 00:28:33.421
of Virginia in particular.
00:28:33.980 --> 00:28:35.082
I'm thinking it's largely
00:28:35.122 --> 00:28:35.962
made up of Virginians.
00:28:36.564 --> 00:28:37.624
It behooves us then for the
00:28:38.144 --> 00:28:39.205
action of our country that
00:28:39.226 --> 00:28:39.987
we should give them our
00:28:40.027 --> 00:28:41.667
real sentiments by way of
00:28:41.708 --> 00:28:44.529
resolves at this very alarming crisis.
00:28:45.290 --> 00:28:46.633
So then it goes on about
00:28:47.032 --> 00:28:48.013
drew up this committee.
00:28:48.034 --> 00:28:52.018
Do you want me to resolve real quick?
00:28:52.077 --> 00:28:53.239
It's about a paragraph.
00:28:53.700 --> 00:28:54.019
Sure.
00:28:54.140 --> 00:28:54.401
Yes.
00:28:55.382 --> 00:28:55.721
All right.
00:28:55.761 --> 00:28:56.803
These are the results.
00:28:56.843 --> 00:28:58.263
These are the four results.
00:28:59.244 --> 00:29:00.787
Resolve that we will bear
00:29:00.826 --> 00:29:02.127
the most faithful allegiance,
00:29:02.608 --> 00:29:04.530
His Majesty King George III,
00:29:04.830 --> 00:29:06.313
while His Majesty delights
00:29:06.373 --> 00:29:08.474
to reign over a brave and free people.
00:29:09.161 --> 00:29:09.840
that we will,
00:29:09.881 --> 00:29:11.221
at the expense of life and
00:29:11.342 --> 00:29:12.623
everything dear and valuable,
00:29:13.083 --> 00:29:14.943
exert ourselves in support
00:29:15.064 --> 00:29:16.523
of the honor of his crown
00:29:16.943 --> 00:29:19.445
and the dignity of the British Empire.
00:29:19.945 --> 00:29:21.205
So I'm going to stop right there.
00:29:21.866 --> 00:29:22.767
Because, yes,
00:29:22.906 --> 00:29:23.826
this is still at this
00:29:24.667 --> 00:29:26.429
critical juncture where we still think,
00:29:26.528 --> 00:29:27.608
you know what, the king,
00:29:27.669 --> 00:29:29.670
if he knew what was going on in America,
00:29:30.170 --> 00:29:30.851
he'd say, no,
00:29:31.431 --> 00:29:33.251
those are my loyal citizens.
00:29:33.672 --> 00:29:36.472
And this is really directed at Parliament.
00:29:37.740 --> 00:29:40.241
This is about Parliament.
00:29:41.582 --> 00:29:42.582
This is the good part.
00:29:43.721 --> 00:29:45.222
But as the love of liberty
00:29:45.682 --> 00:29:46.962
and attachment to the real
00:29:47.083 --> 00:29:48.722
interests and just rights
00:29:48.843 --> 00:29:50.723
of America outweigh every
00:29:50.824 --> 00:29:51.983
other consideration,
00:29:52.644 --> 00:29:54.084
we resolve that we will
00:29:54.144 --> 00:29:55.704
exert every power within us
00:29:55.785 --> 00:29:57.585
for the defense of American
00:29:57.625 --> 00:29:59.586
liberty and for the support
00:29:59.665 --> 00:30:01.506
of her just rights and privileges.
00:30:02.340 --> 00:30:06.023
not in riotous or tumultuous manner,
00:30:06.064 --> 00:30:07.345
but when regularly called
00:30:07.424 --> 00:30:08.865
forth by the unanimous
00:30:08.925 --> 00:30:10.267
voice of our country.
00:30:12.689 --> 00:30:15.070
Fortunately, there's one more bit on here.
00:30:15.806 --> 00:30:16.645
I say unfortunately.
00:30:17.266 --> 00:30:19.287
They had known that subsequent events,
00:30:19.326 --> 00:30:20.106
they would have removed it.
00:30:20.586 --> 00:30:20.846
It said,
00:30:20.906 --> 00:30:22.247
resolved that we entertain the
00:30:22.287 --> 00:30:24.188
greatest respect for his excellency,
00:30:24.448 --> 00:30:26.107
the right honorable Lord Dunmore,
00:30:26.468 --> 00:30:27.107
who commanded the
00:30:27.167 --> 00:30:28.188
expedition against the
00:30:28.248 --> 00:30:29.689
Shawnee and who we are
00:30:29.749 --> 00:30:31.249
confident underwent the
00:30:31.308 --> 00:30:32.648
great fatigue of the
00:30:32.729 --> 00:30:34.169
singular campaign from no
00:30:34.209 --> 00:30:35.789
other motive than the true
00:30:35.869 --> 00:30:37.250
interest of this country.
00:30:37.829 --> 00:30:39.930
And this was signed by order
00:30:40.009 --> 00:30:41.290
in behalf of the whole corps,
00:30:41.770 --> 00:30:43.191
Benjamin Ashby, clerk.
00:30:44.701 --> 00:30:46.083
That business with Lord Dunmore,
00:30:49.486 --> 00:30:51.648
I did read about one of the
00:30:51.669 --> 00:30:53.029
things about Lord Dunmore.
00:30:53.170 --> 00:30:55.472
You know, we might think, oh, Lord Dunmore,
00:30:55.873 --> 00:30:58.496
you know, he's, you know, a pompous fool.
00:30:58.536 --> 00:31:01.838
But it turns out he was this Scottish,
00:31:02.019 --> 00:31:05.803
you know, laird and quite, you know,
00:31:05.942 --> 00:31:06.584
athletic person.
00:31:07.488 --> 00:31:11.349
and marched with those forces, frosty.
00:31:11.369 --> 00:31:12.730
Oh, yeah.
00:31:12.750 --> 00:31:13.671
He'd also been out there in
00:31:13.691 --> 00:31:14.491
the woods with them.
00:31:14.511 --> 00:31:16.112
Yeah, yeah.
00:31:17.272 --> 00:31:18.653
I don't think you could call
00:31:18.733 --> 00:31:19.953
Dunmore a coward.
00:31:20.755 --> 00:31:22.214
No, no.
00:31:22.335 --> 00:31:23.715
And I think that was, you know,
00:31:24.215 --> 00:31:25.856
impressed upon the men who
00:31:25.896 --> 00:31:27.317
got to see him in action.
00:31:27.498 --> 00:31:30.479
This might be, you know, an eventual enemy,
00:31:30.499 --> 00:31:32.941
but he had to give it up to him.
00:31:33.300 --> 00:31:35.221
He wasn't, you know, some, you know,
00:31:36.403 --> 00:31:37.023
Shrieking Violet.
00:31:37.204 --> 00:31:39.849
He was very much.
00:31:41.473 --> 00:31:42.296
We're talking with Chris
00:31:42.316 --> 00:31:45.082
Matheny from Ohio telling us about
00:31:45.648 --> 00:31:47.549
Lord Dunmore's War and the
00:31:47.730 --> 00:31:49.369
Fort Gower Resolves and
00:31:49.410 --> 00:31:51.230
this extraordinary event
00:31:51.270 --> 00:31:52.090
here on the frontier of
00:31:52.131 --> 00:31:53.971
Virginia and just thinking
00:31:54.031 --> 00:31:55.413
as you were talking about
00:31:55.613 --> 00:31:57.673
Fort Gower and getting news
00:31:57.733 --> 00:31:59.733
from the east it was only
00:31:59.794 --> 00:32:01.894
in May of 75 when a group
00:32:01.934 --> 00:32:03.435
of guys out in what's now
00:32:03.496 --> 00:32:05.096
Kentucky get news of the
00:32:05.175 --> 00:32:06.277
battles of Lexington and
00:32:06.317 --> 00:32:07.116
Concord and they named
00:32:07.156 --> 00:32:08.917
their settlement Lexington because of
00:32:09.357 --> 00:32:10.659
hearing of this event in the
00:32:10.759 --> 00:32:13.820
east it's extraordinary
00:32:13.901 --> 00:32:15.721
connections between all of
00:32:15.801 --> 00:32:16.863
these events and we see
00:32:16.903 --> 00:32:19.724
here in this uh outpost in
00:32:20.164 --> 00:32:22.086
ohio they're hearing about
00:32:22.487 --> 00:32:23.646
this news and they are
00:32:23.807 --> 00:32:26.308
speaking for themselves but
00:32:26.328 --> 00:32:26.910
it's really a way that
00:32:26.950 --> 00:32:28.310
shows us the transcendence
00:32:28.351 --> 00:32:30.771
of these ideas that from
00:32:32.901 --> 00:32:35.602
And all those fellows that were there,
00:32:35.642 --> 00:32:37.182
those fellows, I call them, you know,
00:32:37.303 --> 00:32:38.824
those original personages
00:32:40.124 --> 00:32:42.424
from the revolution.
00:32:42.965 --> 00:32:46.346
Daniel Morgan wrote later,
00:32:46.366 --> 00:32:48.768
I found this wonderful quote.
00:32:49.669 --> 00:32:50.249
He wrote,
00:32:50.288 --> 00:32:55.770
he was writing to General Calpins
00:32:56.551 --> 00:32:58.051
in a letter to Richard Henry Lee.
00:32:58.932 --> 00:32:59.472
He wrote,
00:33:00.707 --> 00:33:02.429
To give you my history during the war,
00:33:02.449 --> 00:33:05.271
I must begin in 1774.
00:33:05.271 --> 00:33:06.093
I thought at first he was
00:33:06.113 --> 00:33:07.074
going to write a poem.
00:33:10.396 --> 00:33:12.479
During the war, I must begin in 1774.
00:33:16.643 --> 00:33:18.244
When I served an active and
00:33:18.345 --> 00:33:21.288
hard campaign under Lord Dunmore, again,
00:33:21.307 --> 00:33:22.489
a compliment to Dunmore.
00:33:22.509 --> 00:33:22.888
Right, yeah.
00:33:23.029 --> 00:33:23.369
Oh, yeah.
00:33:24.520 --> 00:33:26.101
campaign under Lord Dunmore
00:33:26.181 --> 00:33:27.162
against the Indians.
00:33:27.922 --> 00:33:29.342
After we had beat them and
00:33:29.402 --> 00:33:31.042
reduced them to order and
00:33:31.063 --> 00:33:32.103
were on our way home,
00:33:32.603 --> 00:33:34.423
we heard at the mouth of the Hocking,
00:33:34.703 --> 00:33:36.084
again, he's calling it the Hocking.
00:33:39.085 --> 00:33:40.845
On the Ohio that hostilities
00:33:40.924 --> 00:33:42.286
were offered to our brethren,
00:33:42.346 --> 00:33:43.385
the people of Boston.
00:33:44.130 --> 00:33:45.250
We, as an army,
00:33:45.470 --> 00:33:46.590
immediately formed
00:33:46.651 --> 00:33:48.270
ourselves into a society,
00:33:48.951 --> 00:33:50.071
pledging our honors to
00:33:50.132 --> 00:33:51.892
assist the Bostonians in
00:33:51.972 --> 00:33:53.292
case of a serious breach,
00:33:53.752 --> 00:33:57.253
which did occur in April next year.
00:34:01.108 --> 00:34:03.349
So this really is this cause
00:34:03.470 --> 00:34:07.030
that is uniting these people in this,
00:34:07.790 --> 00:34:08.751
across these colonies.
00:34:09.552 --> 00:34:10.592
Just before we move on,
00:34:10.612 --> 00:34:12.432
if I'm not mistaken,
00:34:12.512 --> 00:34:14.152
the Treaty of Camp
00:34:14.193 --> 00:34:15.393
Charlotte essentially says
00:34:15.494 --> 00:34:16.494
that the whites will stay
00:34:16.534 --> 00:34:17.875
on this side of the river,
00:34:17.974 --> 00:34:19.835
the Indians will have the other.
00:34:19.914 --> 00:34:22.916
Is that, am I misunderstanding the terms?
00:34:22.956 --> 00:34:23.956
That's correct.
00:34:24.936 --> 00:34:26.197
And, you know, they get the,
00:34:28.987 --> 00:34:30.427
The Kentucky lands.
00:34:30.487 --> 00:34:33.289
The Kentucky lands becomes
00:34:33.389 --> 00:34:39.050
more of a settler friendly, I guess.
00:34:40.170 --> 00:34:41.931
Still some hunting rights on
00:34:41.971 --> 00:34:42.590
the other side.
00:34:44.911 --> 00:34:47.492
Kentucky really becomes a
00:34:47.572 --> 00:34:48.472
county of Virginia.
00:34:49.771 --> 00:34:51.291
Kentucky County,
00:34:51.351 --> 00:34:53.193
that's George Rogers Clark
00:34:53.293 --> 00:34:55.632
and others work together.
00:34:55.672 --> 00:34:57.134
They go to Williamsburg.
00:34:59.110 --> 00:34:59.929
They met with,
00:35:00.130 --> 00:35:01.030
I believe that's Patrick
00:35:01.070 --> 00:35:03.251
Henry at that point was the governor.
00:35:03.971 --> 00:35:04.251
Right.
00:35:04.271 --> 00:35:07.931
Yeah.
00:35:09.012 --> 00:35:10.552
Yeah.
00:35:10.592 --> 00:35:10.753
Chris,
00:35:10.773 --> 00:35:12.512
you're also working now on a short
00:35:12.552 --> 00:35:14.753
history of the founding of Ohio.
00:35:14.793 --> 00:35:14.954
You,
00:35:15.393 --> 00:35:16.873
and I think this is part of your work
00:35:16.934 --> 00:35:17.974
as the site and historic
00:35:18.014 --> 00:35:19.994
site manager at the Ohio state house,
00:35:20.034 --> 00:35:21.235
where you specialize really
00:35:21.275 --> 00:35:24.115
in telling this story of Ohio.
00:35:24.135 --> 00:35:25.516
So what can you tell us then about the,
00:35:26.315 --> 00:35:27.356
your work on the founding
00:35:27.396 --> 00:35:28.617
of Ohio as a story?
00:35:30.490 --> 00:35:32.012
And with that, if I don't mention this,
00:35:32.172 --> 00:35:32.512
again,
00:35:33.614 --> 00:35:35.235
our foundation has received a grant
00:35:35.317 --> 00:35:36.677
from Revolution 250 Ohio.
00:35:39.840 --> 00:35:41.141
They funded this publication,
00:35:41.181 --> 00:35:42.461
which when complete,
00:35:42.961 --> 00:35:44.882
we will free to our visitors,
00:35:44.963 --> 00:35:46.862
which is something we're
00:35:46.902 --> 00:35:47.704
happy about that.
00:35:47.724 --> 00:35:48.903
So we're going to publish as
00:35:48.943 --> 00:35:50.585
many of these and get the
00:35:50.625 --> 00:35:52.125
information out.
00:35:52.605 --> 00:35:53.786
It can't be the most
00:35:53.985 --> 00:35:55.166
in-depth because it's got
00:35:55.186 --> 00:35:57.567
to cover from basically, you know,
00:35:57.626 --> 00:35:58.768
begin with Lord Dunmore's
00:35:58.807 --> 00:36:00.148
war and work its way up to
00:36:00.228 --> 00:36:02.208
Ohio State free.
00:36:03.028 --> 00:36:03.349
Yes,
00:36:03.509 --> 00:36:05.750
the American Revolution in the Ohio
00:36:05.829 --> 00:36:07.429
country is covered.
00:36:09.985 --> 00:36:13.070
It's a dark and bloody ground.
00:36:14.771 --> 00:36:15.132
It is.
00:36:15.492 --> 00:36:16.974
If the Kentucky grounds were
00:36:17.494 --> 00:36:18.817
pretty much hunting grounds
00:36:19.016 --> 00:36:22.681
for the Shawnee, for the Cherokee,
00:36:24.784 --> 00:36:25.666
that live in new york the
00:36:25.726 --> 00:36:26.788
ohio country is where a lot
00:36:26.807 --> 00:36:28.208
of native americans are
00:36:28.329 --> 00:36:30.492
living right um so you've
00:36:30.552 --> 00:36:32.114
got the shawnee you've got
00:36:32.153 --> 00:36:34.335
the the wyandotte the miami
00:36:34.416 --> 00:36:37.358
the delaware the yuga and
00:36:37.559 --> 00:36:39.601
and others are in this area
00:36:39.981 --> 00:36:41.965
and the the thing you learn
00:36:42.445 --> 00:36:43.606
about the ohio country
00:36:44.244 --> 00:36:46.827
during this war is largely,
00:36:46.947 --> 00:36:48.528
besides some Delaware,
00:36:49.108 --> 00:36:51.072
some Shawnee also wanted
00:36:51.132 --> 00:36:51.893
peace for a time.
00:36:51.952 --> 00:36:53.253
Juan Halima argued for peace.
00:36:53.414 --> 00:36:55.036
Hornstock wanted to continue
00:36:55.056 --> 00:36:57.759
to have peace with the Americans.
00:37:00.041 --> 00:37:03.666
White Eyes, a treaty of Fort Pitt, 1778.
00:37:06.157 --> 00:37:07.398
that is really considered
00:37:07.418 --> 00:37:08.858
the first treaty between
00:37:08.898 --> 00:37:10.440
the United States and a
00:37:10.559 --> 00:37:13.340
Native American group comes out of,
00:37:13.460 --> 00:37:16.262
you know, that's negotiated at Fort Pitt.
00:37:16.862 --> 00:37:18.623
It was never ratified by Congress,
00:37:19.043 --> 00:37:20.664
but it's still, it was a treaty.
00:37:21.844 --> 00:37:22.804
And the Continental, of course,
00:37:22.824 --> 00:37:24.405
I think they made him a
00:37:24.505 --> 00:37:26.626
colonel in the Continental Army for this.
00:37:27.226 --> 00:37:28.447
So there were attempts at peace,
00:37:28.507 --> 00:37:29.387
but at the same time,
00:37:29.407 --> 00:37:30.449
you've got the British up
00:37:30.628 --> 00:37:31.768
at Fort Detroit.
00:37:34.184 --> 00:37:34.905
And basically,
00:37:34.965 --> 00:37:36.646
what they are doing is
00:37:36.766 --> 00:37:38.088
trying to recruit the
00:37:38.148 --> 00:37:39.610
Native Americans living in
00:37:39.630 --> 00:37:41.811
the Ohio country to attack
00:37:41.871 --> 00:37:43.992
the settlements that are in
00:37:44.813 --> 00:37:47.115
the county area and in
00:37:47.215 --> 00:37:48.496
Western Pennsylvania.
00:37:49.438 --> 00:37:50.579
So a lot of times,
00:37:50.599 --> 00:37:51.940
that's what's taking place.
00:37:52.079 --> 00:37:55.163
Expeditions get put together in Detroit.
00:37:55.563 --> 00:37:57.384
They'll stop at some of the
00:37:57.423 --> 00:37:58.764
Native American towns along
00:37:58.786 --> 00:37:59.885
the Sandusky River.
00:38:03.717 --> 00:38:04.516
and they'll just work their
00:38:04.617 --> 00:38:07.998
way south and east and attack from there.
00:38:09.298 --> 00:38:10.619
One chapter in this book,
00:38:12.139 --> 00:38:15.141
I start out with attack, counterattack,
00:38:15.702 --> 00:38:17.702
retaliation, and revenge,
00:38:18.282 --> 00:38:21.344
because that's exactly, you know,
00:38:21.443 --> 00:38:23.445
sums up what's going on in the Ohio.
00:38:24.204 --> 00:38:27.025
We've got Henry Hamilton at Fort Detroit.
00:38:27.045 --> 00:38:28.286
Do you remember Henry Hamilton?
00:38:28.706 --> 00:38:32.447
He was the hair buyer, they called him.
00:38:33.027 --> 00:38:34.827
You know,
00:38:34.867 --> 00:38:36.628
he paid Native Americans to bring
00:38:36.708 --> 00:38:40.670
back the scalps of the settlers.
00:38:41.570 --> 00:38:42.971
And, you know, it became a wicked,
00:38:43.451 --> 00:38:45.891
wicked business here in the Ohio country.
00:38:47.032 --> 00:38:49.813
All sides taking advantage.
00:38:49.833 --> 00:38:56.074
That's where you got George Rogers Clark.
00:38:56.255 --> 00:38:58.876
Expeditions were mounted to
00:38:58.956 --> 00:39:00.577
go against Fort Detroit.
00:39:01.532 --> 00:39:03.114
that never really completely
00:39:03.173 --> 00:39:04.894
got off the grid.
00:39:05.135 --> 00:39:08.936
A lot of it's money, it's manpower.
00:39:09.016 --> 00:39:09.336
You know,
00:39:09.356 --> 00:39:10.757
I can't send you these forces
00:39:10.797 --> 00:39:13.858
because we need them to guard this area.
00:39:15.820 --> 00:39:16.980
Political issues with the
00:39:17.039 --> 00:39:18.101
different commanders.
00:39:20.762 --> 00:39:23.422
Plus, the real focus, let's be honest,
00:39:23.563 --> 00:39:25.284
is what's going on back east,
00:39:26.164 --> 00:39:27.025
in your neck of the land.
00:39:31.050 --> 00:39:32.311
General McIntosh did
00:39:32.351 --> 00:39:33.871
establish Fort Lawrence,
00:39:34.813 --> 00:39:36.934
and really Fort Lawrence
00:39:36.994 --> 00:39:39.896
was a fortification built
00:39:39.916 --> 00:39:43.097
to hold supplies for an eventual attack,
00:39:43.478 --> 00:39:44.978
ideally on Detroit,
00:39:45.179 --> 00:39:47.800
which never gets off the ground.
00:39:50.559 --> 00:39:52.561
You've got operatives at this point,
00:39:52.581 --> 00:39:53.702
you've got Simon Gertie,
00:39:54.123 --> 00:39:56.804
who has himself for the British.
00:39:57.905 --> 00:39:59.166
He's working on a number of
00:39:59.186 --> 00:40:00.585
war pieces of rain
00:40:01.186 --> 00:40:02.588
throughout the Ohio country.
00:40:04.909 --> 00:40:06.570
It'll go from very active
00:40:06.670 --> 00:40:07.471
with these different
00:40:07.550 --> 00:40:10.251
campaigns to quiet or like
00:40:10.291 --> 00:40:12.052
a deceptive illness over
00:40:12.092 --> 00:40:12.994
the Ohio country.
00:40:13.768 --> 00:40:16.670
You have the Battle of Piqua in 1780.
00:40:16.710 --> 00:40:18.492
This is George Rogers Clark
00:40:18.532 --> 00:40:20.333
after he's been out in
00:40:20.532 --> 00:40:23.614
Kaskaskia and Sins.
00:40:23.835 --> 00:40:27.657
He eventually captured Henry Hamilton,
00:40:27.737 --> 00:40:29.798
sent him in chains to Williamsburg,
00:40:31.661 --> 00:40:33.222
but they never got to Detroit.
00:40:34.782 --> 00:40:37.322
There was Captain Henry Byrd's expedition,
00:40:37.342 --> 00:40:38.702
a British expedition down
00:40:38.764 --> 00:40:41.923
and attacked two Kentucky suns, you know,
00:40:42.025 --> 00:40:44.425
Ruddell Station and Mike Station.
00:40:44.465 --> 00:40:46.706
They brought cannon with
00:40:46.746 --> 00:40:48.447
them so that both of them
00:40:48.867 --> 00:40:50.467
basically fell without a fight.
00:40:50.907 --> 00:40:53.648
And then I think it was 350
00:40:53.648 --> 00:40:54.788
troops marched back to
00:40:54.807 --> 00:40:56.208
Detroit that suffered mightily.
00:40:56.248 --> 00:40:59.650
And then Clarks called back to Detroit.
00:41:00.449 --> 00:41:01.550
That's the thing that never
00:41:01.610 --> 00:41:03.672
goes away from the Ohio country, Gary.
00:41:04.411 --> 00:41:04.871
Amazing.
00:41:05.293 --> 00:41:05.413
Chris,
00:41:05.432 --> 00:41:06.532
we're going to have to have you back
00:41:06.572 --> 00:41:07.914
to tell us more about the
00:41:07.954 --> 00:41:09.494
war in the Ohio country.
00:41:09.574 --> 00:41:10.914
I can't wait to hear more
00:41:10.954 --> 00:41:12.115
about these expeditions,
00:41:12.135 --> 00:41:13.255
these counter-attacks,
00:41:13.797 --> 00:41:15.117
what a bloody ground it was.
00:41:15.577 --> 00:41:17.018
Thank you so much for joining us.
00:41:17.677 --> 00:41:18.219
Thank you.
00:41:18.778 --> 00:41:20.699
Again, it's been quite a pleasure.
00:41:21.400 --> 00:41:22.420
I got to tell you this though,
00:41:22.561 --> 00:41:23.420
this is the part we say,
00:41:23.601 --> 00:41:24.461
something we should know.
00:41:24.782 --> 00:41:25.802
Remember I told you 250 years ago,
00:41:25.802 --> 00:41:30.896
250 years ago, November 5th, 2020, well,
00:41:30.896 --> 00:41:31.597
1774 to 2024, my friend,
00:41:31.617 --> 00:41:32.518
that is election day.
00:41:38.811 --> 00:41:39.351
Interesting.
00:41:40.313 --> 00:41:43.875
Yes, and I know all the things, right?
00:41:44.556 --> 00:41:48.659
But when you vote that day,
00:41:49.278 --> 00:41:50.420
think about the Fort Gower
00:41:50.440 --> 00:41:53.202
results that took place 250 years ago,
00:41:53.842 --> 00:41:55.543
the establishment of American liberty.
00:41:55.603 --> 00:41:57.003
What could be more American
00:41:57.184 --> 00:41:58.364
liberty than voting?
00:41:59.125 --> 00:42:00.085
Voting, exactly.
00:42:00.186 --> 00:42:00.626
Thank you.
00:42:00.706 --> 00:42:01.126
Thank you.
00:42:01.186 --> 00:42:01.586
That is,
00:42:01.686 --> 00:42:03.668
and the reason we can is because
00:42:03.748 --> 00:42:05.650
of what these guys resolved
00:42:05.750 --> 00:42:06.469
at Fort Gower.
00:42:07.351 --> 00:42:07.550
Thank you.
00:42:08.106 --> 00:42:11.550
So we've been talking with Chris Matheny,
00:42:11.789 --> 00:42:12.951
who is a historic site
00:42:13.010 --> 00:42:14.992
manager at the Ohio State House,
00:42:15.132 --> 00:42:16.494
and they've been talking
00:42:16.514 --> 00:42:18.817
about all things Ohio in the revolution.
00:42:18.836 --> 00:42:20.157
So thank you so much for joining us,
00:42:20.237 --> 00:42:20.478
Chris.
00:42:20.498 --> 00:42:21.719
It's been great talking with you.
00:42:21.739 --> 00:42:22.920
Thank you.
00:42:24.452 --> 00:42:25.873
And I want to thank our producer,
00:42:25.913 --> 00:42:26.773
Jonathan Lane,
00:42:26.813 --> 00:42:30.673
the executive director of Revolution 250,
00:42:30.673 --> 00:42:32.434
and who also is our man
00:42:32.474 --> 00:42:33.635
behind the curtain here,
00:42:34.835 --> 00:42:35.795
pulling the knobs and
00:42:35.876 --> 00:42:36.956
figuring us questions.
00:42:37.336 --> 00:42:39.056
And I want to thank our many listeners.
00:42:39.077 --> 00:42:40.077
You know, initially, Chris,
00:42:40.097 --> 00:42:41.038
we thought we'd have folks
00:42:41.097 --> 00:42:42.838
in and around Boston listening in,
00:42:42.858 --> 00:42:43.378
and we do have
00:42:44.036 --> 00:42:46.438
Good listenership here in the Bay State.
00:42:46.478 --> 00:42:47.418
And every week I thank
00:42:47.478 --> 00:42:48.860
people in various places
00:42:48.880 --> 00:42:49.740
who are tuning in.
00:42:49.820 --> 00:42:53.163
So here in Massachusetts, Lynn and Quincy,
00:42:53.202 --> 00:42:53.923
Massachusetts.
00:42:53.963 --> 00:42:54.384
And by the way,
00:42:54.403 --> 00:42:55.525
if you're in one of these places,
00:42:55.565 --> 00:42:56.967
send Jonathan Lane an email,
00:42:57.027 --> 00:42:59.047
jlane at revolution250.org.
00:42:59.409 --> 00:43:00.148
They'll send you one of our
00:43:00.208 --> 00:43:03.251
new Revolution 250 posters
00:43:03.371 --> 00:43:06.213
or some other Revolution 250 gear.
00:43:06.373 --> 00:43:09.036
So Quincy and Lynn in Massachusetts,
00:43:09.137 --> 00:43:10.737
Lancaster in Ohio.
00:43:11.157 --> 00:43:11.739
Thank you, Chris.
00:43:12.579 --> 00:43:13.498
and new cumberland
00:43:13.559 --> 00:43:14.900
pennsylvania franklin
00:43:14.920 --> 00:43:17.141
tennessee rio de janeiro
00:43:17.501 --> 00:43:19.420
and sydney and australia
00:43:19.942 --> 00:43:21.581
monroe new york and in
00:43:21.641 --> 00:43:23.943
florida live oak new smyrna
00:43:23.963 --> 00:43:26.824
beach st albans vermont and
00:43:26.884 --> 00:43:28.603
in west virginia the great
00:43:28.643 --> 00:43:30.324
town of huntington and in
00:43:30.824 --> 00:43:31.625
the commonwealth of
00:43:31.664 --> 00:43:33.106
virginia martinsville
00:43:33.346 --> 00:43:34.606
suffolk fredericksburg
00:43:34.666 --> 00:43:36.027
christianburg thank you for
00:43:36.047 --> 00:43:37.086
all for listening in all
00:43:37.126 --> 00:43:39.047
places between and beyond
00:43:39.860 --> 00:43:41.490
And now we will be piped out
00:43:41.711 --> 00:43:42.637
on the road to Boston.